FAQ's
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Fissure in Ano
An anal fissure is a small tear or cut in the lining of the anal canal, often causing pain, bleeding, and discomfort during bowel movements.
Symptoms include sharp pain or discomfort during and after bowel movements, bright red blood on toilet paper or in the stool, and itching around the anal area.
A healthcare provider can usually diagnose an anal fissure through a physical examination of the anal area. In some cases, additional tests might be needed to rule out other conditions.
Surgery is typically reserved for chronic fissures that do not respond to conservative treatment. Surgical options may include sphincterotomy, which involves cutting a small portion of the anal sphincter muscle to relieve pressure and promote healing.
If left untreated, anal fissures can lead to chronic pain, infection, and the development of a small lump called a sentinel pile.
If not managed, chronic fissures can contribute to the development of an anal fistula, an abnormal tunnel connecting the anal canal to the skin near the anus.
Anal fissures can be caused by various factors, including hard or large stools that stretch the anal canal, chronic constipation, diarrhea, and excessive straining during bowel movements.
Acute fissures are new tears that typically heal within a few weeks with proper care. Chronic fissures are longer-lasting and may require more intensive treatment
Treatment options include dietary changes to promote softer stools, increased fiber intake, proper hydration, sitz baths (soaking the affected area in warm water), topical creams or ointments, and, in some cases, surgical intervention.
Preventive measures include maintaining a healthy diet with plenty of fiber, drinking enough water, avoiding excessive straining during bowel movements, and practicing good hygiene.
While some mild fissures may heal on their own with home care, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment, especially if the pain and symptoms persist.
- There is a risk of recurrence if underlying factors such as constipation and straining are not addressed. Continued good bowel habits and preventive measures are important.
Laser treatment of Varicose Veins
Laser treatment for varicose veins, also known as endovenous laser treatment (EVLT), is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat underlying veins causing varicose veins. It involves using laser energy to close off and seal the affected vein, redirecting blood flow to healthier veins.
Laser treatment is generally well-tolerated by patients. Local anesthesia is usually administered to numb the area, minimizing discomfort. Some patients may experience mild discomfort or a sensation of heat during the procedure, but it is usually manageable.
Laser treatment offers several advantages over traditional surgical methods, including smaller incisions, reduced scarring, shorter recovery time, and a lower risk of complications. It is performed on an outpatient basis, and most patients can resume normal activities relatively quickly.
Recovery after laser treatment is generally faster than traditional surgery. Patients are usually encouraged to walk and engage in light activities immediately after the procedure. You may need to wear compression stockings for a specified period to aid healing and promote proper blood circulation.
You might notice some improvement in the appearance of varicose veins shortly after the procedure. However, it may take several weeks or even months for the full effects to become noticeable as the treated vein gradually fades.
:During the procedure, a thin laser fiber is inserted into the affected vein through a small incision. The laser emits heat energy that causes the vein to collapse and seal shut. Blood is rerouted to healthier veins, reducing the appearance and symptoms of varicose veins.
Laser treatment is effective for treating the underlying cause of certain types of varicose veins, particularly those resulting from malfunctioning saphenous veins. Your healthcare provider will assess your condition and determine if laser treatment is the appropriate option for you.
The procedure itself typically takes about 30 to 60 minutes, depending on the size and location of the treated vein.
While complications are rare, some possible side effects include bruising, swelling, temporary discomfort, and changes in skin color along the treated vein. Infection and nerve damage are extremely rare.
Your healthcare provider will provide specific instructions, but generally, you may be advised to avoid certain medications, fasting, or heavy exercise on the day of the procedure. Make sure to follow your doctor’s guidelines for a successful treatment experience.
Piles Surgery
Pile surgery, also known as hemorrhoidectomy, is a surgical procedure to remove hemorrhoids (piles) that are causing significant symptoms or complications.
There are several surgical techniques for piles, including conventional hemorrhoidectomy, stapled hemorrhoidopexy (PPH), and laser or infrared coagulation. The choice of technique depends on the type and severity of the hemorrhoids.
Laser Hemorrhoidoplasty – Laser technology has been used in hemorrhoid surgery to minimize bleeding and promote faster healing. Laser hemorrhoidoplasty involves using a laser to remove or shrink hemorrhoidal tissue.
Recovery times can vary depending on the surgical technique used and individual factors. Generally, recovery can take a few weeks, during which patients may experience discomfort, pain, and changes in bowel habits.
Like any surgery, there are risks, including infection, bleeding, pain, and complications related to anesthesia. Your surgeon will discuss the potential risks and benefits with you before the procedure.
It’s important to follow your doctor’s post-operative instructions. You might need to avoid heavy lifting, straining, and certain activities during the initial recovery period.
Your surgeon will provide specific instructions on how to prepare for the surgery. This might include fasting before the procedure and stopping certain medications that could interfere with the surgery.
Pile surgery is usually recommended when other conservative treatments such as lifestyle changes, over-the-counter creams, and sitz baths have not provided sufficient relief or when hemorrhoids are causing severe pain, bleeding, or other complications.
- In a conventional hemorrhoidectomy, the surgeon removes the hemorrhoidal tissue and sutures the area to promote healing. This is usually done under anesthesia.
PPH is a less invasive procedure that uses a circular stapling device to lift and reposition the hemorrhoidal tissue, reducing blood flow to the hemorrhoids and promoting their shrinking.
During the recovery period, you might experience pain, swelling, and discomfort around the surgical area. Your doctor will provide instructions for managing pain, keeping the area clean, and avoiding straining.
While surgery can effectively remove existing hemorrhoids, it’s possible for new hemorrhoids to develop if the underlying causes such as constipation and straining are not addressed.
In some cases, lifestyle changes such as maintaining a high-fiber diet, staying hydrated, and avoiding straining during bowel movements can help prevent the development or worsening of hemorrhoids.
Piles
- Piles, or hemorrhoids, are swollen and inflamed veins in the rectum or anus. They can cause discomfort, pain, and bleeding.
Piles can be caused by factors such as straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation or diarrhea, pregnancy, obesity, sitting for extended periods, and a lack of dietary fiber.
Symptoms can include itching, pain, bleeding during bowel movements, discomfort, and a lump around the anus.
Yes, there are two main types: internal and external piles. Internal piles are located inside the rectum and are not visible, while external piles are located around the anus and can be felt as lumps.
A doctor can diagnose piles through a physical examination of the anus and rectum. In some cases, additional tests like a sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy might be recommended to rule out other conditions.
Treatment options include lifestyle changes (increasing fiber intake, drinking more water, avoiding straining), over-the-counter creams, sitz baths, and in some cases, medical procedures like rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, or surgery.
If you experience persistent bleeding, severe pain, or if your symptoms do not improve with home remedies, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare professional.
Mild cases of piles might improve on their own with proper self-care and lifestyle changes. However, more severe cases might require medical intervention.
Piles can sometimes lead to complications like thrombosis (blood clot formation), strangulation (constriction of blood flow), and chronic bleeding. These complications require prompt medical attention.
Yes, pregnancy can contribute to the development or worsening of piles due to increased pressure on the pelvic area and hormonal changes.
Some natural remedies include warm baths (sitz baths), applying witch hazel, using ice packs, and maintaining proper hygiene. However, these remedies might provide relief but may not cure the underlying issue.
Yes, there are measures you can take to prevent piles, such as maintaining a high-fiber diet, staying hydrated, avoiding excessive straining during bowel movements, and practicing good hygiene
Gall Stones
Gallstones are solid particles that form in the gallbladder, a small organ beneath the liver. They can vary in size and composition.
Gallstones can form when there’s an imbalance in the substances that make up bile, a digestive fluid produced by the liver. This imbalance can lead to the formation of solid particles.
Symptoms can include sudden, intense pain in the upper abdomen (often referred to as a “gallbladder attack”), back pain between the shoulder blades, nausea, vomiting, and bloating.
Yes, there are two main types: cholesterol gallstones and pigment gallstones. Cholesterol gallstones are the most common and are primarily made of cholesterol. Pigment gallstones are smaller and darker, often composed of bilirubin.
Cholecystectomy is a common and generally safe procedure. It’s often performed laparoscopically, which involves smaller incisions and a shorter recovery time.
While you can’t always prevent gallstones, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, and avoiding rapid weight loss or crash diets may reduce the risk.
If you experience symptoms that may be related to gallstones, such as severe abdominal pain or discomfort, it’s important to seek medical attention. A healthcare provider can diagnose your condition and recommend appropriate treatment
Yes, some people with gallstones may not experience any symptoms. These are referred to as “silent” gallstones. However, symptoms can develop over time.
Diagnostic methods include ultrasound imaging, which can visualize the gallbladder and any stones present. Other tests like blood tests and CT scans may also be used to confirm a diagnosis.
Gallstones can lead to complications such as gallbladder inflammation
Treatment options depend on the severity of symptoms and complications. If gallstones are causing symptoms, gallbladder removal surgery (cholecystectomy) is a common treatment. In asymptomatic cases, no treatment might be necessary.
Yes, a diet high in cholesterol and saturated fats can increase the risk of gallstones. Eating a diet rich in fiber, fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins may help reduce the risk.
Gallstones cannot return after gallbladder removal. However, in some cases, stones can still form in the bile ducts.
Pilonidal Sinus
A pilonidal sinus is a small tunnel or channel that develops in the skin near the cleft of the buttocks. It can become infected and cause pain, swelling, and drainage of pus.
The exact cause is not always clear, but factors like ingrown hairs, excessive hair growth, and prolonged sitting or friction in the buttock area are believed to contribute.
Surgery is often recommended for pilonidal sinus treatment, especially if the sinus is infected or causing severe symptoms. However, milder cases might be managed with conservative measures.
Surgical options include incision and drainage, excision of the sinus, and more advanced procedures like pit picking, cleft lift surgery, and flap procedures. Now a days laser pilonidoplasty is best option.
If you notice symptoms like pain, swelling, redness, or drainage of pus in the buttock area, it’s advisable to see a healthcare provider. Early treatment can help prevent complications.
While mild cases might be managed with home care such as warm compresses and hygiene measures, it’s important to consult a medical professional for proper evaluation and treatment.
Recovery times can vary depending on the type of surgery performed and the individual’s healing process. It may take a few weeks to return to normal activities.
Non-surgical treatments like warm compresses, proper hygiene, and hair removal from the affected area might help manage mild cases, but they may not fully resolve the condition.
Yes, there’s a possibility of recurrence, especially if underlying factors like hair growth and friction are not addressed. Proper hygiene and preventive measures are important.
Preventive measures include maintaining good hygiene, keeping the area clean and dry, avoiding prolonged sitting, and considering hair removal methods if excessive hair growth is a concern.
Yes, pilonidal sinuses are prone to infection due to the presence of bacteria in the area. Infections can lead to increased pain, swelling, and pus formation.
Antibiotics may help manage infections temporarily, but they usually won’t completely resolve the sinus. Surgical intervention is often necessary to address the underlying issue.
Varicose Veins
Varicose veins are enlarged, swollen, and twisted veins that usually appear blue or dark purple. They often develop in the legs and can cause discomfort or pain. Varicose veins occur when the valves within the veins don’t function properly, leading to blood pooling and the veins becoming visibly bulged.
Varicose veins are more common in women than men and tend to be more prevalent in older individuals. Other risk factors include a family history of varicose veins, pregnancy, obesity, prolonged standing or sitting, and a history of blood clots.
Symptoms of varicose veins can include aching or heaviness in the legs, swelling, muscle cramps, throbbing or burning sensations, and visible twisted or bulging veins. Some individuals may also experience skin changes around the affected veins.
While varicose veins can be unsightly, they are not just a cosmetic concern. They can cause discomfort, pain, and other symptoms, and in severe cases, they may lead to complications such as blood clots or skin ulcers.
While you can’t completely eliminate the risk of developing varicose veins, there are steps you can take to reduce the risk and alleviate symptoms. Regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding prolonged periods of sitting or standing, and elevating your legs can help.
Varicose veins are usually diagnosed through a physical examination. In some cases, your doctor might recommend further tests like ultrasound to get a clearer picture of the blood flow in your veins and the condition of the valves.
Treatment options for varicose veins vary based on their severity. Conservative measures like wearing compression stockings, elevating your legs, and staying active can help alleviate symptoms. Medical procedures such as endovenous laser treatment, radiofrequency ablation, sclerotherapy, and surgery might be considered for more severe cases
Surgery used to be the primary treatment option for severe varicose veins, but there are now less invasive alternatives like endovenous laser treatment and radiofrequency ablation. These procedures can often be done on an outpatient basis and have shorter recovery times compared to traditional surgery.
There is a possibility of varicose veins recurring after treatment. However, with proper lifestyle changes and follow-up care, the risk of recurrence can be reduced.
If you experience symptoms like pain, swelling, skin changes, or if your varicose veins are causing discomfort, it’s a good idea to consult a healthcare professional. They can provide guidance on appropriate treatment options based on your specific situation.